 
	    LIAS light – Item Descriptions
LIASlight ItemID: 7713
Heterodermia chilensis (Kurok.) Swinscow & Krog
| Characters[*]: | Character States[*]: | 
|---|---|
| global occurrence: | Africa (incl Madagascar) | Oceania – Australasia | Americas – South and Central America | 
| substrate: | rock, stones, pebbles – unspecified | 
| life habit: | lichenized (mutualistic with algal photobionts) | 
| thallus: | foliose (foliaceous), leaf-like | 
| [th] upper surface: | grey(ish) | brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) | yellow(ish) white (ivory, off-white, cream-coloured) | 
| [th upper surface]: | epruinose | pruinose | 
| [th upper surface] pruina: | scarce, sparse, fine | 
| [th marginal and upper surface] specific structures: | present | 
| [th margin] cilia, cilioid structures: | absent | 
| [th upper surface] isidia, isidioid structures: | absent | 
| [th upper surface] soredia, soralia, soralioid structures: | present | 
| [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) width [mm]: | (median) 2.0 (max) 4.0 | 
| [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, squamules): | contiguous, coherent (throughout the thallus) | 
| [th] lower surface: | white(ish) | 
| [th lower surface] specific structures: | present | 
| [th lower surface] rhizines, rhizoid structures: | present | 
| ascomata: | absent | 
| secondary metabolites: | present | 
| secondary metabolites: | atranorin | zeorin (hopane-6α,22-diol) | 
| primary photobiont: | present | 
| secondary photobionts (eg in cephalodia): | absent | 
| primary photobiont: | chlorophytaceous – trebouxiaceous, chlorococcoid |