LIAS light – Item Descriptions
LIASlight ItemID: 7124
Toninia bullata (Meyen & Flot.) Zahlbr.
| Characters[*]: | Character States[*]: |
|---|---|
| global occurrence: | Africa (incl Madagascar) | Oceania – Australasia | Americas – North America (incl Mexico) | Americas – South and Central America |
| substrate: | soil, clay, humus, turf, detritus, dead leaves |
| life habit: | lichenized (mutualistic with algal photobionts) |
| thallus: | squamulose (squamulous) |
| thallus: | continuous, diffuse, effuse |
| [th] upper surface: | brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) | red(dish) brown (if pale: orange brown) |
| [th upper surface]: | epruinose |
| [th marginal and upper surface] specific structures: | absent |
| [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) width [mm]: | (min) 5.0 |
| [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, squamules): | contiguous, coherent (throughout the thallus) | distantly discontiguous |
| [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) upper surface: | bullate |
| [th] morphol substructures (eg lobes, branches): | irregular |
| [th] lower surface: | brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) | red(dish) brown (if pale: orange brown) |
| [th lower surface] specific structures: | absent |
| ascomata: | absent | present |
| ascoma: | apothecial, apothecioid – hymenial |
| ascoma [mm]: | (median) 4.0 |
| ascoma: | sessile, superficial |
| [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: | concave | plane, flat, flattened, expanded | subconvex, slightly convex |
| [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: | black(ish) |
| [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: | epruinose | pruinose |
| [ascm, if apoth] margin surface; [if perith] periostiolar area, ostiole, involucrellum: | black(ish) |
| [ascm, if apoth] margin excipular photobionts: | absent |
| [ascm, if apoth] subhymenial layers, hypothecium; [if perith] basal excipulum: | brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) | hyaline, colourless |
| [ascm] paraphyses/-oids: | present |
| [ascm] paraphyses/-oid cells width [µm]: | (low) 2.0 (high) 2.5 |
| [ascm] paraphyses/-oid apical cells width [µm]: | (low) 4.0 (high) 6.0 |
| [ascm] epihymenium, epithecium: | blue(ish) | brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) |
| asci: | lecanoralean |
| [asc] tholus: | thickened |
| [asc] tholus amyloidity (iodine reaction): | present |
| [asc] tholus amyloidity pattern: | amyloid with acuate axial body towards the apex (= Bacidia-, Buellia-, Ramalina-types etc) |
| ascospores: | (median) 8.0 |
| [asp] shape: | acicular (needle-shaped) |
| [asp] length [µm]: | (low) 37.0 (high) 55.5 |
| [asp] width [µm]: | (low) 3.0 (high) 4.0 |
| [asp] septa: | present |
| [asp] septa: | transversely septate |
| [asp] transversal septa: | (low) 3.0 (high) 7.0 |
| [asp] pigmentation: | hyaline, colourless |
| [asp] perispore, epispore: | not apparent |
| secondary metabolites: | present |
| secondary metabolites: | unknown/unidentified (tri-)terpenoid(s), (tri-)terpene(s) |
| primary photobiont: | present |
| secondary photobionts (eg in cephalodia): | absent |
| primary photobiont: | chlorophytaceous – trebouxiaceous, chlorococcoid |