LIAS light – Item Descriptions
LIASlight ItemID: 4318
Parmotrema kwalense (Krog & Swinscow) Krog & Swinscow
| Characters[*]: | Character States[*]: |
|---|---|
| global occurrence: | Africa (incl Madagascar) |
| substrate: | bark, cork, plant surface – trunks, branches, twigs |
| life habit: | lichenized (mutualistic with algal photobionts) |
| thallus: | foliose (foliaceous), leaf-like |
| [th] upper surface: | green(ish) grey |
| [th upper surface]: | epruinose |
| [th marginal and upper surface] specific structures: | present |
| [th margin] cilia, cilioid structures: | present |
| [th upper surface] isidia, isidioid structures: | present |
| [th upper surface] soredia, soralia, soralioid structures: | absent |
| [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) width [mm]: | (min) 10.0 |
| [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) upper surface: | maculate |
| [th] lower surface: | brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) |
| [th lower surface] specific structures: | present |
| [th lower surface] rhizines, rhizoid structures: | present |
| [th lower surface] rhizines, rhizinoid structures: | unbranched, simple | branched – unspecified |
| ascomata: | absent |
| secondary metabolites: | present |
| secondary metabolites: | atranorin | chloroatranorin | constictic acid | norstictic acid | stictic acid |
| primary photobiont: | present |
| secondary photobionts (eg in cephalodia): | absent |
| primary photobiont: | chlorophytaceous – trebouxiaceous, chlorococcoid |