 
	    LIAS light – Item Descriptions
LIASlight ItemID: 3598
Lobaria scrobiculata (Scop.) DC.
| Characters[*]: | Character States[*]: | 
|---|---|
| global occurrence: | Africa (incl Madagascar) | Oceania – Australasia | Eurasia – Europe | Americas – North America (incl Mexico) | Americas – South and Central America | 
| substrate: | bryophytes – mosses, liverworts | bark, cork, plant surface – trunks, branches, twigs | rock – siliceous, siliciferous, acidic | rock, stones, pebbles – unspecified | 
| life habit: | lichenized (mutualistic with algal photobionts) | 
| thallus: | foliose (foliaceous), leaf-like | 
| thallus: | continuous, diffuse, effuse | 
| [th] upper surface: | grey(ish) | yellow(ish) (if dull: buff) | yellow(ish) grey | grey(ish) blue | grey(ish) green | blue(ish) green (turquoise) | yellow(ish) green | grey(ish) yellow | green(ish) yellow | green(ish) brown (olive brown) | 
| [th upper surface]: | epruinose | 
| [th marginal and upper surface] specific structures: | present | 
| [th margin] cilia, cilioid structures: | absent | 
| [th upper surface] isidia, isidioid structures: | absent | 
| [th upper surface] soredia, soralia, soralioid structures: | present | 
| [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) width [mm]: | (low) 10.0 (high) 20.0 (max) 30.0 | 
| [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, squamules): | contiguous, coherent (throughout the thallus) | 
| [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) upper surface: | smooth, plane | rugose, plicate, folded, pustulate, faveolate, wrinkled | 
| [th] lower surface: | grey(ish) | 
| [th lower surface] specific structures: | present | 
| [th lower surface] rhizines, rhizoid structures: | absent | present | 
| [th lower surface] rhizines, rhizinoid structures: | unbranched, simple | 
| ascomata: | absent | present | 
| ascoma: | apothecial, apothecioid – hymenial | 
| ascoma [mm]: | (low) 1.0 (high) 2.0 | 
| ascoma: | sessile, superficial | 
| [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: | concave | 
| [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: | red(dish) brown (if pale: orange brown) | 
| [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: | epruinose | 
| [ascm] paraphyses/-oids: | present | 
| asci: | lecanoralean | 
| [asc] tholus: | thickened | 
| [asc] tholus amyloidity (iodine reaction): | present | 
| [asc] tholus amyloidity pattern: | with amyloid cap (= Icmadophila-, Lecidea-, Pertusaria-types etc) | 
| ascospores: | (median) 8.0 | 
| [asp] shape: | acicular (needle-shaped) | 
| [asp] length [µm]: | (low) 60.0 (high) 65.0 | 
| [asp] width [µm]: | (low) 4.0 (high) 5.0 | 
| [asp] septa: | present | 
| [asp] septa: | transversely septate | 
| [asp] transversal septa: | (low) 3.0 (high) 7.0 | 
| [asp] pigmentation: | hyaline, colourless | 
| secondary metabolites: | present | 
| secondary metabolites: | constictic acid | cryptostictic acid | norstictic acid | scrobiculic acid | stictic acid | usnic acid | 
| primary photobiont: | present | 
| secondary photobionts (eg in cephalodia): | absent | 
| primary photobiont: | cyanobacterial |