 
	    LIAS light – Item Descriptions
LIASlight ItemID: 2870
| Characters[*]: | Character States[*]: | 
|---|---|
| global occurrence: | Eurasia – Asia Extratropical | Eurasia – Europe | Americas – North America (incl Mexico) | Eurasia – Asia Tropical | 
| substrate: | bark, cork, plant surface – trunks, branches, twigs | 
| life habit: | lichenized (mutualistic with algal photobionts) | 
| thallus: | crustose (crustaceous) – episubstratal – unspecified | 
| thallus: | continuous, diffuse, effuse | compartimentized – areolate, squamulate | 
| [th] upper surface: | grey(ish) | white(ish) | white(ish) grey | 
| [th marginal and upper surface] specific structures: | absent | 
| [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) upper surface: | smooth, plane | granulose, granular | 
| ascomata: | absent | present | 
| ascoma: | apothecial, apothecioid – hymenial | 
| ascoma [mm]: | (low) 0.5 (high) 1.5 | 
| ascoma: | sessile, superficial | 
| [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: | plane, flat, flattened, expanded | subconvex, slightly convex | convex | 
| [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: | brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) | red(dish) | white(ish) | brown(ish) red (carneous) | red(dish) white (pink) | 
| [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: | pruinose | 
| [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium pruina: | dense | 
| [ascm, if apoth] margin surface; [if perith] periostiolar area, ostiole, involucrellum: | grey(ish) | white(ish) grey | 
| [ascm, if apoth] subhymenial layers, hypothecium; [if perith] basal excipulum: | hyaline, colourless | 
| [ascm] paraphyses/-oids: | present | 
| [ascm] paraphyses/-oid cells width [µm]: | (low) 1.5 (high) 2.5 | 
| [ascm] epihymenium, epithecium: | yellow(ish) (if dull: buff) | brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) | yellow(ish) brown | 
| asci: | lecanoralean | 
| [asc] tholus: | thickened | 
| [asc] tholus amyloidity (iodine reaction): | present | 
| [asc] tholus amyloidity pattern: | amyloid with widening axial body towards the apex (= Lecanora-, Parmelia-, Rinodina-types etc) | 
| ascospores: | (median) 8.0 | 
| [asp] shape: | broadly ellipsoidal | 
| [asp] length [µm]: | (min) 9.0 (low) 10.0 (high) 12.0 (max) 15.0 | 
| [asp] width [µm]: | (min) 5.0 (low) 6.0 (high) 8.0 (max) 9.0 | 
| [asp] septa: | absent – spore lumen unilocular, monolocular | 
| [asp] pigmentation: | hyaline, colourless | 
| [asp] perispore, epispore: | not apparent | 
| secondary metabolites: | present | 
| secondary metabolites: | atranorin | chloroatranorin | protocetraric acid | 
| primary photobiont: | present | 
| secondary photobionts (eg in cephalodia): | absent | 
| primary photobiont: | chlorophytaceous – trebouxiaceous, chlorococcoid |