 
	    LIAS light – Item Descriptions
LIASlight ItemID: 12714
Arthonia cyanea f. minor Lücking
| Characters[*]: | Character States[*]: | 
|---|---|
| global occurrence: | Americas – North America (incl Mexico) | Americas – South and Central America | 
| substrate: | leaves, fronds, needles – living | 
| life habit: | lichenized (mutualistic with algal photobionts) | 
| thallus: | crustose (crustaceous) – episubstratal – unspecified | 
| thallus: | continuous, diffuse, effuse | 
| [th] upper surface: | green(ish) grey | 
| [th upper surface]: | epruinose | 
| [th marginal and upper surface] specific structures: | absent | 
| [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) upper surface: | smooth, plane | 
| ascomata: | absent | present | 
| ascoma: | apothecial, apothecioid – hymenial | 
| ascoma [mm]: | (low) 0.4 (high) 0.8 | 
| ascoma: | immersed, innate | subsessile, subimmersed, adnate, semi-immersed, emergent | 
| [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: | blue(ish) grey | green(ish) grey | 
| [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: | epruinose | pruinose | 
| [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium pruina: | scarce, sparse, fine | 
| [ascm, if apoth] subhymenial layers, hypothecium; [if perith] basal excipulum: | brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) | hyaline, colourless | 
| [ascm] paraphyses/-oids: | present | 
| [ascm] epihymenium, epithecium: | green(ish) | hyaline, colourless | 
| asci: | fissitunicate – bitunicate | 
| [asc] tholus: | thickened | 
| [asc] tholus amyloidity (iodine reaction): | absent | present | 
| [asc] tholus amyloidity pattern: | with amyloid tube, ring (= Collema-, Micarea-, Porpidia-, Psora-types etc) | 
| ascospores: | (median) 8.0 | 
| [asp] shape: | clavate | 
| [asp] length [µm]: | (low) 11.0 (high) 17.0 | 
| [asp] width [µm]: | (low) 3.5 (high) 5.0 | 
| [asp] septa: | present | 
| [asp] septa: | transversely septate | 
| [asp] transversal septa: | (median) 2.0 (max) 3.0 | 
| [asp] pigmentation: | hyaline, colourless | 
| [asp] perispore, epispore: | not apparent | 
| conidiomata: | absent | present | 
| conidia: | bacilliform, bacillar | acicular (needle-shaped) | 
| [co] length [µm]: | (min) 6.0 (max) 24.0 | 
| secondary metabolites: | present | 
| secondary metabolites: | unknown/unidentified compound(s) | 
| primary photobiont: | present | 
| secondary photobionts (eg in cephalodia): | absent | 
| primary photobiont: | chlorophytaceous – trentepohliaceous, trentepohlioid |