 
	    LIAS light – Item Descriptions
LIASlight ItemID: 1120
Candelariella canadensis H. Magn.
| Characters[*]: | Character States[*]: | 
|---|---|
| global occurrence: | Eurasia – Asia Extratropical | Americas – North America (incl Mexico) | Arctic | 
| substrate: | soil, clay, humus, turf, detritus, dead leaves | 
| life habit: | lichenized (mutualistic with algal photobionts) | 
| thallus: | crustose (crustaceous) – episubstratal – unspecified | 
| thallus: | continuous, diffuse, effuse | granular, granulose, granulate | 
| [th] upper surface: | yellow(ish) (if dull: buff) | 
| [th marginal and upper surface] specific structures: | absent | 
| [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) width [mm]: | (low) 0.2 (high) 0.4 | 
| [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) upper surface: | smooth, plane | 
| ascomata: | absent | present | 
| ascoma: | apothecial, apothecioid – hymenial | 
| ascoma [mm]: | (low) 0.5 (high) 1.2 (max) 1.8 | 
| ascoma: | sessile, superficial | 
| [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: | plane, flat, flattened, expanded | subconvex, slightly convex | convex | distinctly convex | strongly convex, hemispherical, (sub-)globose | 
| [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: | green(ish) | yellow(ish) (if dull: buff) | brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) | 
| [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: | epruinose | 
| [ascm, if apoth] margin surface; [if perith] periostiolar area, ostiole, involucrellum: | yellow(ish) (if dull: buff) | 
| [ascm, if apoth] subhymenial layers, hypothecium; [if perith] basal excipulum: | hyaline, colourless | 
| [ascm] paraphyses/-oids: | present | 
| [ascm] paraphyses/-oid cells width [µm]: | (low) 1.5 (high) 3.5 | 
| [ascm] paraphyses/-oid apical cells width [µm]: | (min) 5.0 | 
| [ascm] epihymenium, epithecium: | yellow(ish) (if dull: buff) | red(dish) yellow (orange, orange yellow) | 
| asci: | lecanoralean | 
| [asc] tholus: | thickened | 
| [asc] tholus amyloidity (iodine reaction): | present | 
| [asc] tholus amyloidity pattern: | amyloid with widening axial body towards the apex (= Lecanora-, Parmelia-, Rinodina-types etc) | 
| ascospores: | (median) 8.0 | 
| [asp] shape: | ellipsoidal | 
| [asp] length [µm]: | (min) 9.0 (low) 11.0 (high) 15.5 (max) 17.0 | 
| [asp] width [µm]: | (min) 4.5 (low) 5.0 (high) 6.5 (max) 7.0 | 
| [asp] septa: | absent – spore lumen unilocular, monolocular | present | 
| [asp] septa: | transversely septate | 
| [asp] transversal septa: | (median) 1.0 | 
| [asp] pigmentation: | hyaline, colourless | 
| [asp] perispore, epispore: | not apparent | 
| secondary metabolites: | present | 
| secondary metabolites: | pulvinic acid derivatives | 
| primary photobiont: | present | 
| secondary photobionts (eg in cephalodia): | absent | 
| primary photobiont: | chlorophytaceous – trebouxiaceous, chlorococcoid |